MULTI VITAMIN

Vitamin A
Vitamin A was first discovered in 1912 by Gowland Hopkins, a man who also identified and isolated the amino acid, Tryptophan. The vitamin has two forms: retinol and carotenoids. Retinol is the form of Vitamin A that is found in animal-based foods, and carotenoids found in plant-based food sources. Carotenoids are pigments that not only colour foods but act as precursor molecules to Vitamin A meaning they are converted into Vitamin A. Our Multivitamin tablets contain retinol. The primary role of Vitamin A is to aid the maintenance of vision, preventing night blindness which is the deficiency disease of the vitamin and the main reason for childhood blindness. The vitamin also plays a role in the absorption of Iron, reducing feelings of fatigue. Additionally, Vitamin A is required for the maintenance of mucous membranes to strengthen the immune system.

The B Vitamins
All B vitamins are water-soluble and are particularly prone to be lost when cooking.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Vitamin B1 is found in whole grains, nuts, fruit and vegetables. An adequate intake of this vitamin is essential to prevent beriberi, the deficiency disease associated with Vitamin B1. The vitamin is responsible for reducing fatigue and normal functioning of the heart.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B2 naturally occurs in milk, eggs, fortified cereals and rice, benefiting the normal production of red blood cells. Red blood cells transport oxygen around the body which is essential for all physiological and psychological functions. The vitamin is also required for the functioning of the nervous system and the immune system to keep illness at bay.

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Vitamin B3 can be found in meat, fish, eggs, milk and wheat products. The vitamin is required to prevent Pellagra disease, caused by a deficiency in either Niacin or Tryptophan (an amino acid). Vitamin B3 contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue, aided by increasing energy metabolism and the maintenance of the mucous membranes which promotes the immune system.

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
Vitamin B5 is found in peanuts, cashews, broccoli and avocado, as well as the less widely consumed organ meats such as the liver. The vitamin plays a role in the synthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones, Vitamin D and some neurotransmitters, contributing to normal mental performance. The vitamin is also required for normal energy production which prevents the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B6 is available in 3 main forms: Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal and Pyridoxamine. Our Multivitamin tablets contain Pyridoxine which is found naturally in pork, poultry, fish, whole grains, eggs, soybean and milk. The vitamin is needed for the synthesis of two amino acids, cysteine and homocysteine, as well as the metabolism of protein, glycogen (a type of carbohydrate) and energy to reduce tiredness. Vitamin B6 is also necessary for the normal formation of red blood cells and the production of certain neurotransmitters, a chemical that is released to cause certain muscle actions.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Vitamin B12 is the last B vitamin included in these tablets. There are four forms of Vitamin B12 - this tablet contains cyanocobalamin, sourced from the fermentation of Pseudomonas denitrificans. Vitamin B12 is primarily only sourced from foods of animal origin, although it is often fortified in plant-based milk as vegetarians and vegans are prone to Vitamin B12 deficiency. Our bodies can store up to 4 years worth of Vitamin B12 which is why a deficiency in the vitamin can be difficult to pinpoint. The vitamin is vital for the formation of red blood cells and the metabolism of energy to reduce fatigue and tiredness. Vitamin B12 also contributes to the normal synthesis of cysteine and homocysteine, two amino acids which form the building blocks of protein.

Vitamin C
Vitamin C is one of the more well-known vitamins, also referred to as Ascorbic Acid. The vitamin is found in spinach, red peppers, potatoes, citrus fruits and tomatoes. The vitamin is a potent antioxidant, hence its function is to protect DNA, proteins and lipids from harmful oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Vitamin C also plays a role in the promotion of the normal function of the immune system and the nervous system to prevent fatigue.

Vitamin D3
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin which is stored in the body's fat cells. There are two main forms of Vitamin D; Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) and Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol). Our tablets contain Vitamin D3, the form that is produced in large quantities when sunlight hits the surface of our skin. We can also obtain Vitamin D3 through certain dietary sources, such as salmon, tuna, mackerel and egg yolks. Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of Calcium as both nutrients rely on one another to be absorbed. Vitamin D also aids the utilisation and absorption of Phosphorous, and both Calcium and Phosphorous help the maintenance of bones and teeth.

Vitamin E
Vitamin E was discovered in 1922 by a physician and his assistant, Evans and Bishop. The vitamin is another powerful antioxidant that is found in sunflowers, sesame, peanut and corn oil, protecting cells from oxidative stress.

Vitamin K2
Vitamin K2 is sometimes referred to as Menaquinone, one of the three types of Vitamin K. Our Multivitamin tablets contain Vitamin K2-MK9, a long-chain form of the vitamin as opposed to a short-chain version. Vitamin K is produced naturally in the gut and found in an array of foods including green leafy vegetables, cereal grains and vegetable oils. Meat and dairy foods also contain Vitamin K but in smaller amounts. Vitamin K contributes to normal blood clotting to prevent excess blood loss from an open wound, as well as playing a vital role in the maintenance of bone health.

Biotin
Biotin is also known as Coenzyme R, Vitamin H and, particularly nowadays, Vitamin B7. The Germans originally named Biotin as Vitamin H due to the German term for 'hair and nails', Haar und Haut. The nutrient is found in small quantities in food products and is naturally produced by certain bacteria in the gut. Biotin is often primarily supplemented for its contribution to the maintenance of normal hair, skin and mucous membranes and role within energy metabolism, although the nutrient also aids the normal functioning of the nervous system and brain.

Folic Acid
Folic Acid is the scientific name for what is colloquially known as Vitamin B9. Folic Acid is found in spinach, kale, broccoli, beans, legumes, oranges, wholegrain foods and poultry. The vitamin is essential during pregnancy to prevent Neural Tube Defects, such as Spina Bifida, in a developing foetus. It is also often paired with Vitamin B12 to treat Folate Deficiency Anaemia which affects the body's ability to produce fully functioning red blood cells.

Our Multivitamin tablets
has cleverly packed 100% of the NRVs of each ingredient into a small 9mm tablet. Please note that Cobalt (Vitamin B12) is a central component of Cobalamin, therefore we advise you not to purchase this product if you are allergic or sensitive to Cobalt. This product also contains Vitamin A - we advise you not to take this product if you are pregnant or planning to conceive in the near future, except on the advice of a doctor or antenatal clinic.